Viola subsinuata - (image 1 of 3)
Taxonomy
Family: Violaceae
Habitat
Rich woodlands, ridges or rocky ledges, often on dry-mesic calcareous to circumneutral soils.
Associates
Distribution
VT south to GA and TN, west to Ontario, WI and IL. Absent from IN and historical in RI.
Morphology
Acaulescent perennial from a thick, fleshy rhizome, stolons not produced. Plants homophyllous, early leaves similar to mid-season leaves; leaves with 5-9(-16) lobes, sinuses usually narrower and shallower proximally; sepals lanceolate to ovate, auricles 1-2 mm; petals light to dark blue-violet, lower three and upper two sometimes violet-veined, lateral petals bearded, lowest petal 1.5-2.5 mm and sometimes bearded, spur white, 2-3 mm; capsule ellipsoid, 0.8-1.2 cm, glabrous; seeds beige, mottle to bronze, 1.5-2.5 mm.
Notes
Flowers late April to May
Wetland indicator: NA
Photographs of cultivated plants originating from near Ithaca, NY.
Similar in appearance to the heterophyllous V. palmata from which it differs in producing leaves that are more or less consistently lobed throughout the growing season.
References
Haines, A. 2002.
Taxonomy of Viola subsinuata in New England. Botanical notes 8:1-4.
Haines, A. 2011.
Flora Novae Angliae: a manual for the identification of native and naturalized
higher vascular plants of New England. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
Little, R.J. and
L.E. McKinney. 2015. Viola. In: Flora of North America North of
Mexico, Vol. 6. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford.
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Michael Hough © 2017 |